List of Archaeological Sites in Makkah al-Mukarramah Province

Makkah al-Mukarramah Province includes many archaeological sites, primarily the Islamic period antiquities that serve as historical evidence of the life of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him (PBUH). These sites have given the region religious significance in addition to its economic importance, as it was a meeting point for trade caravans.

The antiquities of the Prophetic period include Jabal al-Nour, at the summit of which is the Cave of Hira where the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), worshipped and where Jibreel (PBUH) descended with the first verses of the Quran. Also included is Jabal Thawr, where the Prophet (PBUH) and Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, stayed during their migration to al-Madinah al-Munawwarah. Other sites include the location of 'Umm Ma'bad's tent,' the site of al-Abwa, al-Hudaybiyah, 'Usfan, al-Juhfah, Tuwa Well, Hunayn Valley, al-Ju'ranah, Autas, Qarn al-Manazil, Yalamlam, and Dhat 'Irq.

Bay'ah Mosque, Jinn Mosque, Aisha Mosque (Taneem), and al-Ijabah Mosque.

Located in al-Jumum Governorate, it dates back to the early twentieth century. It is one of the fortresses that were built to protect roads and trade and pilgrimage caravans.

The history of the spring dates back to the Abbasid era, and it was revived and restored during the reign of King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz.

It extends from the north of Makkah al-Mukarramah towards the southwest to the Tihama plain. Stone tools from the Acheulean era were found there, and some artifacts in Jeddah Governorate date back to the Mousterian era.

Located northeast of Makkah al-Mukarramah, it was built during the Abbasid era on a high hill overlooking al-Zimah Village and its heritage market.

Among the historical antiquities of Khulays is Mount Jamdan, which the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), passed by during his migration to al-Madinah al-Munawwarah. Additionally, there is the Khulays Fortress, built during the Abbasid era, and the Medid Fortress.

Rabigh includes 'Aliya Palace,' which is the remains of a fortress dating back to the Abbasid era. Additionally, there is the site of 'al-Abwa Market,' an ancient city that includes several shops built from stone, as well as al-Mura'ishah Village, which consists of several buildings constructed from stone and clay with palm-frond roofs.

Qunfudhah Governorate contains several archaeological sites, including 'al-Tahun' (the Mill), a cylindrical building dating back to the twelfth century, which was historically used to grind grains using sails and wind. Additionally, there is al-Aynah Fortress, Bin Modarmeh Fortress, and the rock inscriptions on Mount 'Adl al-Sarahin.'

The port is located in al-Lith Governorate and consists of six archaeological mounds and two cemeteries. These are the remains of a residential city dating back to the pre-Islamic period. The findings also revealed the presence of successive historical periods that inhabited the area.