Who Built Mu'awiyah Dam?

Mu'awiyah Dam was constructed by Caliph Mu'awiyah Bin Abi Sufyan during his caliphate in 670. This ancient dam is located east of al-Madinah al-Munawwarah in al-Khanaq Valley, nestled in a narrow passage between two mountains. Despite exposure to environmental factors, collapses, and the passage of time, its remnants remain visible in the valley to this day. The dam has undergone phased restoration efforts due to its location and significance.

The dam, when constructed, was thirty m long and rose twenty m above the valley floor to the level of the surrounding areas. Its wall thickness measured ten m. Al-Khanaq Valley is supplied with water by several surrounding valleys and tributaries, including al-Aqool Valley to the northeastern side of the city, Samakh Tributary below the northeastern side, Qa'a Valley Tributary, and Hadawda Valley.