Volcanoes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are geological activities and natural phenomena in the Earth's crust at some locations in the Kingdom, emitting molten materials from the Earth's interior, including solid, liquid, and gaseous components. 1 2 History of volcanoes in the Kingdom The formation of volcanoes in the Kingdom dates back to about thirty million years ago and occurred in two phases: the first coincided with the flow of basaltic lava and the rifting of the Red Sea, and t...