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The Green Economy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the rapidly growing economic development models in the Kingdom. It aims to ensure sustainable economic growth, and prevent environmental pollution, global warming, resource depletion, and environmental degradation. The Kingdom has made efforts under Saudi Vision 2030 to transition to a green economy, including renewable energy projects, environmental protection, and energy efficiency projects. The concept of the green economy gained imp...

The Oil Sustainability Program is designed to sustain and grow the demand for petroleum-derived (hydrocarbon) materials as a competitive energy source. It aims to make the production of petroleum-derived materials free from environmental risks. Through research and development, the program seeks to enhance their environmental and economic efficiency using modern technologies, while reducing harmful emissions from their consumption. The program was developed in collaboration with several Saudi g...

The Oil and Gas Fields Discovered in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia since 2001 are the fields that Saudi Aramco , under its concession rights, has discovered in the Kingdom since the beginning of the third millennium (2001). According to Aramco's 2023 annual report, the company's portfolio includes 541 reservoirs in 144 fields across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and its territorial waters. The Saudi Arabia's oil and gas reserve As of December 31, 2023, the Kingdom's reserves in...

Yes, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia produces aluminum. Its production started in 2012, when the Saudi Arabian Mining Company  'Ma'aden' announced that its subsidiary 'Ma'aden Aluminum,' had begun producing it from its smelter in the aluminum complex in Ras al-Khair City for mining industries in the Eastern Province. Ras al-Khair Industrial City has an integrated aluminum production complex, encompassing a smelter that produces 740,000 t of aluminum annually. It repre...

The Maximum Sustainable Capacity (MSC) of the Shaybah Field was estimated on December 31, 2018, at one million bbl of crude oil per day. Its proved reserves amounted to 14.86 billion bbl of oil equivalent, including 13.62 billion bbl of liquid reserves. The Shaybah Field is one of the large oil fields in al-Rub' al-Khali ( Empty Quarter ) Desert in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Oil was discovered in the field during the drilling of the exploratory well 'Shaybah 1' in 1968. The oi...

Phosphate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a natural resource and one of the mining industries and elements of economic diversification in the Kingdom. Most phosphate quantities are concentrated north of the Kingdom in the Northern Borders Province . The Kingdom produces annually about three million t of phosphate ore and its products, and the Kingdom's phosphate ore reserve is estimated at around 2.7 billion t. Moreover, the Northern Border Province holds about 7 percent of the world...

Aramco Research and Development Center (Aramco R&D Center), affiliated with Saudi Aramco , was established in 1994 and is located in Dhahran , Eastern Province , the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The center is dedicated to scientific research for continuous innovation and development of solutions for challenges faced by oil refineries in the crude oil industry, its derivatives, refining, and conversion to fuel. Functions of Aramco R&D Center The center employs numerous scientists, researchers, and a...

The Saudi National Atomic Energy Project (SNAEP) is a developmental economic project aimed at establishing a secure and efficient alternative energy sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It seeks to meet the increasing demand for energy sources, achieving comprehensive sustainability. Announced on June 14, 2017, the project is overseen by King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy (K.A.CARE) . The nuclear fuel cycle is the third component of the project, representing the Kingdom's...

Wasit Plant is a gas plant built by Saudi Aramco among several large-scale facilities in the industrial city of al-Jubayl, located in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is one of the company's significant non-associated gas plants, designed to expand its capacity to increase natural gas production, contributing to higher income, sustainable national economy growth and diversification, and fostering a competitive global energy sector. Characteristics of Wasit Plant The ...

The Fadhili Plant is a production facility aimed at increasing gas supplies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is part of the expansion of the Kingdom's main gas network to meet the rising energy demand in the country. The operational performance of this plant is distinguished by several advantages compared to other facilities. It uses technology based on turbochargers to reduce electricity consumption to fifty-five GW. Features of the Fadhili Plant The Fadhili Plant, which began partial o...

Manifa Oil Field is an offshore field located in the waters of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, specifically north of al-Jubayl City, Eastern Province in the Arabian Gulf. It is the fifth-largest oil field in the world and one of the oldest in the Kingdom. It was discovered in 1957, and its area, which consists of six reservoirs, is about forty-five km long and eighteen km wide. Moreover, the field is situated under shallow waters with a depth range between one and fifteen m. Operations of the Mani...

Yes, there are gold mines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with a total of seven mines. In 2020, their gold production reached 434,845 oz. These mines are Mahd adh-Dhahab, Sukhaybarat, Bulghah, al-Amar, as-Suq, and ad-Duwaihi, all of which are active and productive mines. Gold production and sales as bullion began at Bulghah Mine in 2002, and at ad-Duwaihi Mine in 2016. Prior to this, al-Amar Mine began production in 2009. However, ad-Duwaihi Mine in the Makkah al-Mukarramah Province is the larg...