Mu'awiyah Dam was constructed by Caliph Mu'awiyah Bin Abi Sufyan during his caliphate in 670. This ancient dam is located east of al-Madinah al-Munawwarah in al-Khanaq Valley, nestled in a narrow passage between two mountains. Despite exposure to environmental factors, collapses, and the passage of time, its remnants remain visible in the valley to this day. The dam has undergone phased restoration efforts due to its location and significance. The dam, when constructed, was thirty m l...

Wadi Itwid is one of the seasonal watercourses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and among the steepest. It is part of the Tihamah Plain valleys that drain into the Red Sea basin and is located in Jazan Province , southwest of Saudi Arabia. Route of Wadi Itwid Wadi Itwid is the seventh shortest valley in Saudi Arabia, stretching eighty-five km across ad-Darb Governorate , west of Jazan Province. It flows from the northeast to the southwest, descending from the lands of al-Mathnah Village and pouri...