Janbiya Traditional Dance

The Janbiya Dance is a traditional dance popular in the cities and governorates of Jazan Province, southwest of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is performed during various occasions and celebrations and is one of the dances of the southern region, alongside the Razf, Madqal, and Masahbani dances.

The Janbiya, a specific type of dagger with a short curved blade with a medial ridge, is used in performing the dance. Each Janbiya is distinguished by its unique artistic and traditional touch. They are made from the horns of certain rare animals, and their handles are adorned with silver or gold.

The dance begins with the participants standing in a straight line, holding their daggers in their hands, while the drummers sit beside the line in an arched formation. Two dancers step out from the line at a time to showcase their skill and agility with light and nimble movements, as the dance is fast-paced and requires swiftness in executing its turns and quick movements. They then return to the line, and another pair takes their place. The Janbiya Dance continues in this demonstrative manner to the accompaniment of drum rhythms. Children often participate as well, holding daggers and displaying their abilities in front of everyone.

The traditional arts in Jazan Province are diverse in their styles and expressions due to the province's cultural and geographical variation, spanning mountains, coasts, and plains. Among these are the Sword Dance and al-Ardah, both of which are traditions characterized by drumbeats, notably performed without chants or poetry.