Traditional attire for both men and women in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has varied over time. Some featured simple designs and materials, while others were ornate and worn for special occasions and festivals. Additionally, there were specific garments designated for work. Traditional attire in the Eastern Province includes:
Men’s attire
• Izar: A piece of cloth wrapped around the lower body twice. It is typically worn at home or for sleeping, and is commonly used during work in agricultural fields or when going to the sea.
• Dishdasha: A white Thobe made from lightweight fabric, featuring a button at the chest to control its closure or opening.
• Shalahat: Similar to the dishdasha in design but with wider sleeves, typically worn by dignitaries and Sheikhs.
• Al-Maksar: Commonly worn by craftsmen and farmers, this knee-length garment resembles an undershirt and is easy to move and work in.
• Decorative or warm attire: The Bisht, Farwa, or Daghla are worn over a thobe for decoration during special occasions or festivals, often embellished, or for warmth. These pieces are made from heavier fabrics.
Women’s attire
• Dir’ah: A common garment for women in the Eastern Province, with designs that vary depending on its use. Lighter fabrics are used for daily wear, while heavier, embellished fabrics are reserved for special occasions.
• Nafnof: Similar in design to Indian-style dresses, made from silk or satin fabric.
• Hashimi Thobe: Worn by women as a decorative overlay over regular clothing, it is embroidered with golden threads and comes in several colors.
• Celebration dresses: Embellished and embroidered garments such as al-Masrah, al-Manthur, and al-Thuraya.
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